Odds ratios are one of the methods in statistics to quantify how strongly the presence or absence of a property correlates with the presence or absence of another property in a given population. In the biomedical sciences they...
When students engage in academically dishonest behaviors, they may be responding to subtle pressures in the learning environment that interfere with deep learning and nudge them toward cheating. Hence if we can gain a better...
Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) is associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV), a dysbiosis that predisposes to preterm labor and increased susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections. The potential role of cytokines elaborated...
"From the French Revolution, 1798, right through the nineteenth century and into the 20th Century, in nearly every major European country the Catholic Church found itself embattled. Its monopoly in religion ended or challenged...
The Problem. “Proportionate means,” “ordinary means,” “the principle of double effect,” “moral certitude,” and “proximal material cooperation” are some of the philosophical concepts used in medical ethics. Oftentimes,...