Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasingly prevalent complication of preg-nancy leading to adverse maternal outcomes for years postpartum. This primary litera-ture review was conducted to explore what complications...
Insulin resistance is associated with a high cumulative risk of AD and reduced cerebral glucose metabolism. New data suggest that increased hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) activity induces insulin resistance in adipose...
Context: We aimed to determine the availability of price estimates from hospitals in the United States for a pediatric orthopaedic surgical procedure (closed reduction and pinning of a distal radius fracture), and identify...
Background: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory disease that affects the GI tract. IBD has two major types: Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative Colitis. IBD occurs when the immune...
Multiple drug resistance is becoming increasingly problematic in the U.S., where antibiotics are overused both in agriculture and healthcare. One way bacteria can develop this resistance is through acquisition of antibiotic...
Osteoporosis, a disease of low bone mineral density, affects 10 million Americans and triggers significant health problems and considerable socioeconomic burdens. Current treatments for osteoporosis have significant...
The Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling pathway comprises the largest subdivision of the Transforming Growth Factor (TGFβ) superfamily. BMP signaling plays essential roles in both embryonic development and postnatal...
Osteoporosis, a disease of low bone mineral density, affects 10 million Americans and is a significant health problem and a considerable socioeconomic burden. Current treatments for osteoporosis have significant limitations,...
Osteoporosis is a disease of low bone mass resulting from bone resorption exceeding bone formation that places individuals at enhanced risk for fracture, disability, and death. There is an urgent and unmet need for novel...
Many Gram negative bacteria including Salmonella enterica species exhibit evolving multi-drug resistance coded for on their chromosome and on mobile genetic elements. Salmonella species carrying multi-drug resistance plasmids...
Coxiella burnetti is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that spreads to humans via inhalation, infects alveolar macrophages and causes the worldwide zoonosis known as Q fever. Acutely, Coxiella infection manifests as...
Coxiella burnetii, the known causative agent of Q fever, is an obligate intracellular bacterium capable of infecting host alveolar macrophages and residing within these cells for several years. While causing mild symptoms at...
Context: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is characterized by an inherited point mutation in the hemoglobin (Hgb) HBB gene, which results in hemoglobin polymerization and red blood cell sickling when not fully oxygenated. Inflammatory...
Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by degeneration of muscle and strength that puts individuals at increased risk of functional impairment, physical disability, and mortality. The risk of disability is 1.5 to 4.6 times...
Cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) is a phenomenon involving a counterintuitive increase in skin blood flow during cold exposure. Although CIVD was first described in 1930, CIVD mechanisms remain unknown. CIVD research has...
Objective Adolescent and young adult cancer survivors (AYACS: ages 15-39) have an 84.5% five -year survival rate. AYACS have a 10 times greater risk to develop cardiac disease compared to healthy peers. This is in part due to...
Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, are two clinically relevant strains of yeast. They make up a majority of commonly seen pathologies such as vaginal yeast infections, nosocomial infections, and infections of...
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a common treatment for gender dysphoria, a condition where a person’s gender assigned at birth does not match their gender identify. For transgender men seeking to achieve virilization, HRT...
Context: Obesity is a prevalent disease that presents with fatal comorbidities. However, Laparoscopic Roux-en Y gastric bypass surgery patients lose all excess weight within 2 years with proven remission of comorbidities like...