Context: Patients with large staghorn calculi are commonly treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). PCNL access can be technically challenging and has potential to result in significant radiation exposure to both the...
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify which texture analysis metrics calculated from apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps from patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) provide quantifiable...
“The legacy of slavery still shadows the American health-care system The inequalities of the health system were built in from the beginning,” said former Harvard College Dean Evelynn M. Hammonds.
The legacy of slavery as a...
The dramatic increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant (AR) genes
in numerous bacterial species has been a heavily discussed topic within
the scientific community. Antibiotic resistant bacteria pose a serious
threat...
Antibiotic resistance is not only a major threat to public health, with more than
700,000 deaths per year, but also has serious economic impacts.1 Nosocomial-
acquired antibiotic-resistant infections have well-established...
Hyperglycemic clamps are used as a gold standard measurement of beta cell function, allowing for measurement of a biphasic insulin response. Under this technique, the plasma glucose concentration is raised to a target...
Context: In states of health, bone mass is sustained in a coordinated effort by osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. WNT signaling through low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein 5/6 (LRP5/LRP6) is one of the...
Sudden cardiac death (SCD), is a relatively rare but dangerous occurrence for athletes across the globe. Increasing attention has been drawn to the condition, especially for the likes of highly competitive athletes. Current...
There are limited data regarding the level of research experience and/or interest among osteopathic medical students despite a rapidly increasing enrollment and expansion of the number of osteopathic medical schools. A 2016...
There are limited data regarding the research experience and/or interest among osteopathic medical students despite a rapidly increasing enrollment and expansion of the number of osteopathic medical schools. A 2016 study of...
There are limited data regarding research experience and/or interest among osteopathic medical students despite a rapidly increasing enrollment and expansion of the number of osteopathic medical schools. A 2016 study of...
There is a lack of data regarding real and perceived barriers to research participation among osteopathic medical students (OMS’s). We have previously addressed this open question by surveying incoming first-year OMS1’s and...
Phosphorus equilibrium in the body is regulated through uptake and release via the intestine, kidney and bone. These processes are coordinated through the activity and regulation of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23). FGF23 is...
70% at 2 weeks post-surgery (p>0.05). Stimulus- independent pain behavior was also evident in both vehicle and BMP-2 treated CSD animals as defined by asymmetric directed behaviors including flinching, licking, lifting, and...
BACKGROUND: With an aging world population, there is an increased risk of fracture and impaired fracture healing. Enhancement of angiogenesis is one potential mechanism for improved fracture healing. The question then becomes:...
In the late 1990s, doctors were told by pharmaceutical companies that opioid pain relievers were not addictive and that they could prescribe them freely to patients in severe pain. As a result, doctors began prescribing opioid...
Context: Prior studies have identified significant health benefits and socioeconomic barriers to fruit and vegetable consumption. Objective: This study describes characteristics and physiological outcomes relative to the fruit...
Introduction: It is well documented in the literature that Bitter Melon Extract (BME) inhibits the growth and proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. While the exact mechanism of this inhibition is unknown, it is possible...
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasingly prevalent complication of preg-nancy leading to adverse maternal outcomes for years postpartum. This primary litera-ture review was conducted to explore what complications...
Malignant mesothelioma typically presents in patients with asbestos exposure, with respiratory symptoms caused by primary pleural involvement with associated pleural effusion. Instead, this patient presented with a rapidly...
GnRHR signaling has been demonstrated to affect cancer cell proliferation. The expression of GnRH binding sites in leukemias and lymphomas provides a potential target for chemotherapeutic drugs. Analyzing the effect of GnRHR...
Efforts to reduce health disparities and increase access to underserved populations may be outpaced as populations diversify further. Early exposure of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, Accessibility, and Belonging (DEIAB)...
Insulin resistance is associated with a high cumulative risk of AD and reduced cerebral glucose metabolism. New data suggest that increased hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) activity induces insulin resistance in adipose...
The history and use of virtual and augmented reality dates back to the early 19th Century, Charles Wheatstone an English scientist, and inventor discovered that the brain interrupts stereoscopic photos and paintings differently...
Context: We aimed to determine the availability of price estimates from hospitals in the United States for a pediatric orthopaedic surgical procedure (closed reduction and pinning of a distal radius fracture), and identify...
Background: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory disease that affects the GI tract. IBD has two major types: Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative Colitis. IBD occurs when the immune...
Multiple drug resistance is becoming increasingly problematic in the U.S., where antibiotics are overused both in agriculture and healthcare. One way bacteria can develop this resistance is through acquisition of antibiotic...
Osteoporosis, a disease of low bone mineral density, affects 10 million Americans and triggers significant health problems and considerable socioeconomic burdens. Current treatments for osteoporosis have significant...
The Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling pathway comprises the largest subdivision of the Transforming Growth Factor (TGFβ) superfamily. BMP signaling plays essential roles in both embryonic development and postnatal...
Osteoporosis, a disease of low bone mineral density, affects 10 million Americans and is a significant health problem and a considerable socioeconomic burden. Current treatments for osteoporosis have significant limitations,...
Osteoporosis is a disease of low bone mass resulting from bone resorption exceeding bone formation that places individuals at enhanced risk for fracture, disability, and death. There is an urgent and unmet need for novel...
Many Gram negative bacteria including Salmonella enterica species exhibit evolving multi-drug resistance coded for on their chromosome and on mobile genetic elements. Salmonella species carrying multi-drug resistance plasmids...
In recent medical history, vaccinations have facilitated the reduction/eradication of many transmissible diseases (Olusanya et al., 2021). Recently, a growing reluctance of parents to vaccinate their children is a pertinent...
Coxiella burnetti is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that spreads to humans via inhalation, infects alveolar macrophages and causes the worldwide zoonosis known as Q fever. Acutely, Coxiella infection manifests as...
Coxiella burnetii, the known causative agent of Q fever, is an obligate intracellular bacterium capable of infecting host alveolar macrophages and residing within these cells for several years. While causing mild symptoms at...
Context: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is characterized by an inherited point mutation in the hemoglobin (Hgb) HBB gene, which results in hemoglobin polymerization and red blood cell sickling when not fully oxygenated. Inflammatory...
Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by degeneration of muscle and strength that puts individuals at increased risk of functional impairment, physical disability, and mortality. The risk of disability is 1.5 to 4.6 times...
Cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) is a phenomenon involving a counterintuitive increase in skin blood flow during cold exposure. Although CIVD was first described in 1930, CIVD mechanisms remain unknown. CIVD research has...
Objective Adolescent and young adult cancer survivors (AYACS: ages 15-39) have an 84.5% five -year survival rate. AYACS have a 10 times greater risk to develop cardiac disease compared to healthy peers. This is in part due to...
Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, are two clinically relevant strains of yeast. They make up a majority of commonly seen pathologies such as vaginal yeast infections, nosocomial infections, and infections of...
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a common treatment for gender dysphoria, a condition where a person’s gender assigned at birth does not match their gender identify. For transgender men seeking to achieve virilization, HRT...
Context: Obesity is a prevalent disease that presents with fatal comorbidities. However, Laparoscopic Roux-en Y gastric bypass surgery patients lose all excess weight within 2 years with proven remission of comorbidities like...
Epilepsy is one of the most common brain disorders and is characterized by the recurrence of unprovoked seizures. It affects over 70 million people worldwide, 3.4 million in the U.S. alone, and it is estimated 1 in 26 people in...
The over accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates is a key contributor in neurodegeneration associated with diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). In a...
Redox systems are an important component of the cellular metabolism. We have characterized a novel thioredoxin-like protein (TrxL-1) of the malaria parasite Plasmodium and have previously determined that the trxl-1 gene is...
Cancer cells have shown to exhibit enhanced potential to metastasize via increased actin-myosin crossbridge formation, which requires increased Ca2+ influx via the voltage-gated calcium channels. This then leads to the...
While utilization of Kidney Paired Donation (KPD) continues to increase, the potential is not fully realized. We surveyed kidney transplant (KTX) professionals to evaluate perceptions of barriers and solutions to increasing KPD...
Kisspeptin together with its receptor, GPR54 (Kiss1R), are known for their function as the principal regulators of the onset of mammalian puberty. Given the characteristic growth spurt and bone development that occurs during...
Introduction: Kisspeptin together with its receptor, GPR54 (Kiss1 R), are known for their function as the principal regulators of the onset of mammalian puberty. Given the characteristic growth spurt and bone development that...
Klotho is a regulatory anti-aging protein that is significantly expressed
in the choroid plexus, plays an important role in regulating the immune
response in the CNS, and diminishes with age. Klotho deficiency is...
Traditional medical education has recently seen major changes due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. New pedagogical methods, including augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR), are on the rise as alternatives to...
Traditional medical education has recently seen major changes due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. New pedagogical methods, including augmented reality (AR} and virtual reality (VR), arc on the rise as alternatives to...
Context: Lipid droplets (LDs) are cytoplasmic lipid storage organelles that have recently gained importance in host-pathogen interactions. Surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer, they store excess cellular free fatty acids and...
Osteoporosis is a disease of low bone mineral density (BMD) that affects 10 million Americans with an additional 34 million at risk for developing the disease. Current FDA-approved therapies for osteoporosis involve...
Osteoporosis is a disease of low bone mineral density that affects 10 million Americans and accounts for 1.5 million fractures annually. With an additional 34 million Americans at risk for developing the disease, osteoporosis...
Background: The Taste receptor, type 1 (TAS1R) family of heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors participates in monitoring energy and nutrient needs. TAS1R member 3 (TAS1R3) either recognizes amino acids such as glycine and...
The taste receptor type 1 (TAS1R) family of heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors participates in monitoring energy and nutrient status. TAS1R member 3 (TAS1R3) is a bi-functional protein that recognizes amino acids such...
Objecti ve: Soft tissue manual therapies are commonly utilized by osteopathic physicians, chiropractors, physical therapists and massage therapists. These techniques are predicated on subjecting tissues to biophysical...
Osteoporosis is a disease of low bone mass that places individuals at enhanced risk for fracture, disability, and death. Hospitalizations for osteoporotic fractures exceeds those for heart attack, stroke, and breast cancer...
The unique conditions of microgravity and radiation exposure in space have a substantial impact on human tissue function, resulting in extreme bone loss. The goal of this project is to synthesize the current knowledge on bone...
The unique conditions of microgravity and radiation exposure in space have a substantial impact on human tissue function, resulting in extreme bone loss. The goal of this project is to synthesize the current knowledge on bone...
Context. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) refers to the combination of abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia or insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. MetS has been associated with morbidity and mortality after a variety of...
Mechanical loading is critical for bone remodeling. Voltage sensitive calcium channels (VSCCs) influence bone development and responses to loading. The α<sub>2</sub>δ<sub>1</sub> VSCC subunit regulates osteocyte...
Stomach dehiscence from the abdominal wall is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication of gastrostomy tube changes. A prospective series of 1136 gastrostomy tube changes in 415 different patients is examined to...
Introduction: According to the Centers for Disease Control and prevention (CDC), ensuring student access to needed physical and mental health care improves attendance, behavior, and achievement in the classroom. Academic...
Neurosurgical procedures result in surgically-induced brain injury (SBI) that causes postoperative complications including brain edema and neuronal apoptosis in the surrounding brain tissue. SBI leads to the release of...
Multiple drug resistance is becoming increasingly problematic in the U.S., where antibiotics are overused both in agriculture and healthcare. One way bacteria can develop this resistance is through acquisition of antibiotic...
Multiple osteochondromas (MO) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by accessory bone growths usually stemming from the epiphyseal plate oflong bones. MO affects about l in 50,000 lirn births. Complications of MO include...
What is it?
Organ transplantation is a surgical procedure in which a failing organ is replaced by a healthy organ .The healthy organ can come from a deceased or living donation
Who needs organ transplants?
Patients...
76% of the whole mouse genome. Of these, 840 genes met the t-test criteria, p<0.05. Canonical networks linked to EIF2 signaling, calcium ion signaling, and oxidative stress response were significantly enriched by the...
300 targets using very small quantities of protein. This revealed decreased activation of the mTOR pathway in tibiae of Nmu knock-out mice compared to controls, with reduced activity-associated phosphorylation of mTOR and the...
BACKGROUND: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) is a complicated disease that can result from a number of disease states in addition to typical cancerous processes. There are many treatment options for NHL. Typically, Rituximab, an...
Osteoporosis is a silent, dangerous pathology frequently undiagnosed until patients experience a major fracture. About 1 in 2 women and 1 in 4 men ages 50 and above will experience bone fractures due to osteoporosis. Fractures...
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) consists of a group of neuromuscular disorders characterized by degeneration of alpha motor neurons, leading to a lower motor neuron-type syndrome. Children afflicted with SMA 1 and 2 are prone to...
Current therapies for low bone mass consist of inhibiting osteoclast activity or increasing the PTH or Wnt signaling pathways. These approaches have significant drawbacks that limit their use in specific patient populations...
Context: Skeletal unloading due to disuse, disease, or aging increases bone loss and the risk of skeletal fracture. Conversely, mechanical loading is anabolic to the skeleton, promoting skeletal integrity through increased bone...
Chemotherapeutic agents, such as vincristine, are well known
antineoplastic and cytotoxic drugs, affecting patients broadly during
treatment of cancer. Well known side effects, such as constipation
and neuropathic pain,...
Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) is rare but has been identified in trauma victims with increasing frequency in recent years due to improvements in imaging techniques and screening protocols. The incidence of BCVI is...
Due to the availability of information on the internet, patients are well informed of the several types of hernia repair available to them. They are also increasingly made aware of the litigious environment surrounding...
Purpose: To establish an ex vivo model of paclitaxel induced peripheral neuropathy that can be translated clinically using induced human neurons. Experimental Design: Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) will be...
Papillary glioneuronal tumors (PGNTs) are rare, benign neoplasms that are typically solid or solid/cystic, well-circumscribed, parenchymal, solitary, and calcify. While intraventricular location, tumoral hemorrhage, and/or...
Rubella was first described in the 1750s but took until 1941 when Congenital Rubella Syndrome was characterized to become medically significant. Similarly, zika virus was discovered in 1947 but only made headlines in 2016 when...
A historical analysis and comparison between rubella and zika reveals that neither virus became prominent until their respective congenital syndromes were classified. Rubella was first described in the 1750s but took until 1941...
Eccrine sweating glands are divided into functional units: I) a bulbous secretory coil that generates precursor fluid, and 2) a reabsorptive duct that transports the fluid to the skin surface. The secretory coils reside in the...
The ability to communicate with patients effectively continues to be a major hindrance for physicians and physician offices. Coordinating care via conventional telecommunication, involving making calls to a healthcare facility...
Context: Patient reminder notifications have been widely utilized in the healthcare setting for several decades. Some clinics have even begun implementing “arrival time” notifications in lieu of the term “appointment time” in...
Interprofessional education or IPE involves bringing individuals from two or more professions together to learn and communicate to improve future teamwork and collaboration. IPE research has shown that exposing future...
The annual increase on price of pharmaceuticals are becoming a growing health concern in the United States for patients, prescribers, and policy makers.
Why is this an issue?
• Prices of newly marketed and pre-existing...
In the United States, one of the biggest issues that every state is experiencing is the shortage in doctors. Primary Care Physicians make up a huge percentage of the shortage in doctors. The Midwest took a huge hit by this...
Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(ALL) suffer a litany of therapy induced side
effects. Methotrexate is a common chemotherapy agent
administered for the treatment of ALL. Failure to clear methotrexate from the body...
Background: It has been observed that patients with poor mental health are relatively frequent users of the Emergency Departments (ED). The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of numerous behavioral health...
The United States spends well over $100 billion for millions of people affected by Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) and for their family caregivers. Most people with ADRD have multiple chronic comorbid...