Context: Prior studies have identified significant health benefits and socioeconomic barriers to fruit and vegetable consumption. Objective: This study describes characteristics and physiological outcomes relative to the fruit...
Neurosurgical procedures result in surgically-induced brain injury (SBI) that causes postoperative complications including brain edema and neuronal apoptosis in the surrounding brain tissue. SBI leads to the release of...
Odds ratios are one of the methods in statistics to quantify how strongly the presence or absence of a property correlates with the presence or absence of another property in a given population. In the biomedical sciences they...
The great saphenous vein (GSV) should be considered as a vascular access point in cases of difficult access such as in trauma patients or hypovolemic patients. The GSV has been proven to be a viable vessel for peripheral venous...
Osteoporosis, a disease of low bone mass, places individuals at enhanced risk for fracture, disability, and death. In the USA, hospitalizations for osteoporotic fractures exceed those for heart attack, stroke, and breast cancer...
Purpose: To establish an ex vivo model of paclitaxel induced peripheral neuropathy that can be translated clinically using induced human neurons. Experimental Design: Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) will be...
There are limited data regarding research experience and/or interest among osteopathic medical students despite a rapidly increasing enrollment and expansion of the number of osteopathic medical schools. A 2016 study of...
Context: Obesity is a prevalent disease that presents with fatal comorbidities. However, Laparoscopic Roux-en Y gastric bypass surgery patients lose all excess weight within 2 years with proven remission of comorbidities like...
Redox systems are an important component of the cellular metabolism. We have characterized a novel thioredoxin-like protein (TrxL-1) of the malaria parasite Plasmodium and have previously determined that the trxl-1 gene is...
Context: The purpose of this project was to design a 3-dimensional method for visualizing structures within the brainstem with special attention to those involved in Lateral Medullary (Wallenberg) Syndrome. Wallenberg syndrome...
Context: Skeletal muscle is essential for proper bodily functions by playing key roles in strength and movement, and it accounts for roughly 50% of our total body mass. Decreases in total muscle mass or mass-specific function...
Multiple drug resistance is becoming increasingly problematic in the U.S., where antibiotics are overused both in agriculture and healthcare. One way bacteria can develop this resistance is through acquisition of antibiotic...
Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mineral density due to the rate of bone resorption exceeding that of bone formation. Evidence indicates the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) pathway promotes bone formation...
Context: We aimed to determine the availability of price estimates from hospitals in the United States for a pediatric orthopaedic surgical procedure (closed reduction and pinning of a distal radius fracture), and identify...
Context: Children with SMA suffer from scoliosis, global weakness, and Thoracic Insufficiency (TIS). Normalized pulmonary function tests are inadequate when evaluating these patients for improvement in PFTs. Objective: Forced...
Context: Indwelling Urinary Catheterization (IUC) is among the most common procedures performed in the inpatient setting. Because there are risks associated with IUC, efforts to reduce its use when unnecessary should be made....
Sudden cardiac death (SCD), is a relatively rare but dangerous occurrence for athletes across the globe. Increasing attention has been drawn to the condition, especially for the likes of highly competitive athletes. Current...
Context: Skeletal unloading due to disuse, disease, or aging increases bone loss and the risk of skeletal fracture. Conversely, mechanical loading is anabolic to the skeleton, promoting skeletal integrity through increased bone...
Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterium and causative agent of culture-negative endocarditis. Although Coxiella initially infects alveolar macrophages, it is found in lipid droplet (LD)-containing foamy...
Objective: A proof-of-concept for a platform designed to provide simulations modeling, in three dimensions, anatomical pathology/dysfunctions(as defined by osteopathic diagnostic criteria). Design/Methods: Data from a two...
Osteoporosis is a disease of decreased bone density that occurs when bone resorption exceeds bone formation, thereby placing individuals at greater risk of fracture and disability. We previously reported that deletion of the...
Context: Patient reminder notifications have been widely utilized in the healthcare setting for several decades. Some clinics have even begun implementing “arrival time” notifications in lieu of the term “appointment time” in...
Osteocyte (Ot)-derived Sclerostin (Scl), encoded by the SOST gene, regulates bone homeostasis by acting on osteoblasts, inhibiting bone formation and stimulating bone resorption. Emerging evidence suggest that Scl has...
Coxiella burnetii is a Gram-negative obligate intracellular pathogen, which spreads via inhalation. Although it initially infects alveolar macrophages, it can cause endocarditis several months to years after infection. This...
Context: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is characterized by an inherited point mutation in the hemoglobin (Hgb) HBB gene, which results in hemoglobin polymerization and red blood cell sickling when not fully oxygenated. Inflammatory...
Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen and causative agent of Q fever. Chronic Q-fever manifests as potentially fatal endocarditis weeks to years after initial infection, suggesting Coxiella’s ability...
Context: Lipid droplets (LDs) are cytoplasmic lipid storage organelles that have recently gained importance in host-pathogen interactions. They are surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer and store excess cellular free fatty...
Hypertension is an established risk factor for the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). We evaluated the association and population impact of hypertension defined using the new 2017 guidelines on risk of AF. In this...
Context: Lipid droplets (LDs) are cytoplasmic lipid storage organelles that have recently gained importance in host-pathogen interactions. Surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer, they store excess cellular free fatty acids and...
CONTEXT. Prior research has shown that nursing home residents have a significant burden of symptoms including pain, nervous and depressed feelings, fatigue, and lack of energy. OPTIMISTIC is an 8-year initiative funded by the...
Context: This research may provide insight into human articular cartilage development, repair mechanisms, and diseases such as arthritis. Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the proximal femur articular cartilage...
Over the past twenty years, opioid drug use has increased, causing an epidemic of opioid abuse that is killing tens of thousands of people every year. Current treatment options for opioid abuse disorder include alternative...
The spread of antibiotic resistance among bacteria is a potential threat to the effectiveness of antibiotics currently used for controlling common human pathogens. Also, the resistance to current antibiotics is spreading at a...
BACKGROUND: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) is a complicated disease that can result from a number of disease states in addition to typical cancerous processes. There are many treatment options for NHL. Typically, Rituximab, an...
The Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling pathway comprises the largest subdivision of the Transforming Growth Factor (TGFβ) superfamily. BMP signaling plays essential roles in both embryonic development and postnatal...
Objectives: Arch branching has never been shown to influence recoarctation after extended end-to-end anastomosis via thoracotomy, yet in each study bovine arch identification is grossly underreported. This study aims to: 1)...
Introduction: Bitter melon extract (BME) is known to inhibit breast cancer cells (MCF-7) proliferation. The PKC and ROK play critical roles in cell division, migration, and survival. However, the roles of protein kinase-c (PKC)...
Development of new and highly tailored chemotherapeutic agents continues to be the mainstay for innovative clinical treatment of cancer. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), part of a nuclear hormone super...
Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) is associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV), a dysbiosis that predisposes to preterm labor and increased susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections. The potential role of cytokines elaborated...
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) affects approximately 1 in 10 Americans. Diabetic nephropathy is also associated with the development of chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD). CKD-MBD disrupts the normal...
INTRODUCTION: Two out of five U.S. citizens born after 2014 are expected to develop type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D patients are at increased risk for fracture and impaired fracture healing, including: increased frequency of partial...
76% of the whole mouse genome. Of these, 840 genes met the t-test criteria, p<0.05. Canonical networks linked to EIF2 signaling, calcium ion signaling, and oxidative stress response were significantly enriched by the...
Voltage sensitive calcium channels (VSCCs) are key components in coordinating extracellular signaling that influence calcium (Ca2+) influx and subsequent downstream signaling in a variety of tissues including bone. Previous...
Introduction: In 2012, approximately 19 million adults in the U.S. used some form of manipulative treatment as part of their overall healthcare. Suboccipital release (SOR) is a commonly used manual medicine technique of the...
Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen and a causative agent of culture-negative endocarditis. While Coxiella initially infects alveolar macrophages, it may disseminate and cause endocarditis up to 20...
Background: Recent studies indicated that chronic Salmonella infection contributes to increased risk of human colon cancer. In our previous studies, we found that Salmonella type III secretion effector protein AvrA can induce...
Objective Adolescent and young adult cancer survivors (AYACS: ages 15-39) have an 84.5% five -year survival rate. AYACS have a 10 times greater risk to develop cardiac disease compared to healthy peers. This is in part due to...
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) affects approximately 1 in 10 Americans. Diabetic nephropathy is also associated with the development of chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD). CKD-MBD disrupts the normal...
BACKGROUND: With an aging world population, there is an increased risk of fracture and impaired fracture healing. Enhancement of angiogenesis is one potential mechanism for improved fracture healing. The question then becomes:...
Introduction. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological cancer characterized by the expansion and accumulation of monoclonal malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). Interactions between MM cells and cells of the bone/BM...
Kidney transplantation is a major surgical intervention and patients undergoing counseling for this procedure do not always fully understand the essentials of this procedure. We present an improved way to facilitate patient...
This project created the first website capable of searching published biomedical knowledge and returning a rank ordered list of actions most effective at improving health. These actions have font scaled based on the odds ratios...
Bradykinin, a local dermal kallikrein-kinin system product, increases skin blood flow via a cyclic GMP mechanism but is not the active cutaneous vasodilation molecule associated with cholinergic stimulation. However, the...
Introduction Delayed vasopressor initiation can occur with septic patients who arrive to the emergency department (ED) hemodynamically stable but decompensate later in their ED or hospital course. The relationship between...
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) consists of a group of neuromuscular disorders characterized by degeneration of alpha motor neurons, leading to a lower motor neuron-type syndrome. Children afflicted with SMA 1 and 2 are prone to...
There is a lack of data regarding real and perceived barriers to research participation among osteopathic medical students (OMS’s). We have previously addressed this open question by surveying incoming first-year OMS1’s and...
Background: It has been observed that patients with poor mental health are relatively frequent users of the Emergency Departments (ED). The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of numerous behavioral health...
There are limited data regarding the research experience and/or interest among osteopathic medical students despite a rapidly increasing enrollment and expansion of the number of osteopathic medical schools. A 2016 study of...
This project, OPTIMISTIC, is a retrospective study that focuses on Congestive Heart Failure(CHF) in Indiana Nursing homes. The purpose of the study was to find better ways in which to implement in house care to these CHF...
3D visualization research is useful as a learning tool for medical students learning human anatomy and as a diagnostic tool for practicing physicians. Here we explore the use of this application of medical imaging in...
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasingly prevalent complication of preg-nancy leading to adverse maternal outcomes for years postpartum. This primary litera-ture review was conducted to explore what complications...
This was a case study on a patient with SLE who received a heart transplant. Patients with SLE are generally not considered to be ideal candidates for transplantation due to auto-immunity involving many organ systems....
Coxiella burnetti is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that spreads to humans via inhalation, infects alveolar macrophages and causes the worldwide zoonosis known as Q fever. Acutely, Coxiella infection manifests as...
Introduction: 23andMe provides consumers the opportunity to receive genetic information without involvement of a healthcare provider. As 23andMe continues to increase the number of variants and genetic diseases included in...
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a common treatment for gender dysphoria, a condition where a person’s gender assigned at birth does not match their gender identify. For transgender men seeking to achieve virilization, HRT...
Background: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory disease that affects the GI tract. IBD has two major types: Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative Colitis. IBD occurs when the immune...
Mobile Integrated Healthcare (MIH), also called Community Paramedicine (CP) or EMS 3.0, is a novel approach to prehospital care. With the use of specially trained paramedics, MIH-CP seeks to fill the current healthcare gaps in...
Coxiella burnetii, the known causative agent of Q fever, is an obligate intracellular bacterium capable of infecting host alveolar macrophages and residing within these cells for several years. While causing mild symptoms at...
The goal of this project is to build a teaching tool geared towards patients, students, and clinicians to further educate themselves about the anatomical and biochemical implications of various syndromes involving depression...
Hyperglycemic clamps are used as a gold standard measurement of beta cell function, allowing for measurement of a biphasic insulin response. Under this technique, the plasma glucose concentration is raised to a target...
Phosphorus equilibrium in the body is regulated through uptake and release via the intestine, kidney and bone. These processes are coordinated through the activity and regulation of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23). FGF23 is...
70% at 2 weeks post-surgery (p>0.05). Stimulus- independent pain behavior was also evident in both vehicle and BMP-2 treated CSD animals as defined by asymmetric directed behaviors including flinching, licking, lifting, and...
The work of children is school; despite this, medical providers and educators often live completely separately in their child-family interactions from one another. Yet, medical issues impact school success and school issues are...
A positive association between beta-carotene (BC)-rich food intake and a reduction in metabolic disorder incidence, including heart disease, is prevalent in humans. Similarly, preclinical research finds dietary BC...
Context 3-Dimensional (3D) imaging is utilized in a variety of ways in medicine, including ultra-sound facial scanning in utero, breast cancer detection, and mapping blood vessels. 3D imaging can also be used to educate both...
Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world, and even in developed countries like the United States, the five-year survival is only 65%. This already low survival rate drops...
Troglitazone (TRO), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist, was a drug used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic agent. We had previously investigated a PPAR agonist that induced apoptosis in dose...
Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative bacterium that is the cause of the diarrheal disease cholera. Many strains have developed antibiotic resistance which allows these mutated strains to elude traditional treatment. Among the...
Introduction: The adenine diet is widely used in animal models to produce a tubu-lointerstitial fibrosis and inflammation that mimics human CKD in many aspects. These include the biochemical manifestations hyperphosphatemia and...
Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterium responsible for causing culture negative endocarditis. The manifestation of this condition several years following initial infection exhibits Coxiella’s ability to...
Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, are two clinically relevant strains of yeast. They make up a majority of commonly seen pathologies such as vaginal yeast infections, nosocomial infections, and infections of...
INTRODUCTION: Cold limb immersion, a form of cryotherapy, can cause cardiovascu-lar changes due to cold-pain induced autonomic reflex. OBJECTIVE: This cryotherapy treatment side-effect has received less attention, and could...
Osteoporosis is a silent, dangerous, pathology frequently undiagnosed until patients experience a major fracture. Fractures from osteoporosis lead to a 20% increase of mortality, revealing a need for novel anabolic therapies....
Introduction: OPTIMISTIC is a project funded by the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services (CMS) that is aimed, in part, at the reduction of unnecessary hospitalization of nursing facility residents. Data from the initial...
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are important nuclear receptors in regulating macrophage lipid metabolism and modulating cellular inflammatory responses. In recent years, host cell PPARs have been linked to...
300 targets using very small quantities of protein. This revealed decreased activation of the mTOR pathway in tibiae of Nmu knock-out mice compared to controls, with reduced activity-associated phosphorylation of mTOR and the...
Introduction: The Catholic medical ethic is supported by a rich intellectual tradition and remains foundational to the practice of medicine, especially within Catholic hospitals. In the US, the United States Conference of...
Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by degeneration of muscle and strength that puts individuals at increased risk of functional impairment, physical disability, and mortality. The risk of disability is 1.5 to 4.6 times...
Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium that causes Q fever in humans. While acute infection manifests as self-limiting flu-like illness, chronic Q fever presents as non-culturable endocarditis,...
Postpartum preeclampsia refers to hypertension and proteinuria after delivery, and the occurrence of a seizure within six weeks after delivery is called postpartum eclampsia. Etiology is unknown but theorized to involve...
A historical analysis and comparison between rubella and zika reveals that neither virus became prominent until their respective congenital syndromes were classified. Rubella was first described in the 1750s but took until 1941...
Osteocyte (Ot)-derived Sclerostin (Scl) has local actions in bone mediated by Lrp 4/5/6 receptors, inhibiting bone formation and stimulating bone resorption by antagonizing Wnt signaling. Emerging evidence suggests that Scl...
Context: Skeletal muscle is essential for proper bodily functions by playing key roles in strength and movement, and it accounts for roughly 50% of our total body mass. Decreases in total muscle mass or mass-specific function...
Introduction: It is well documented in the literature that Bitter Melon Extract (BME) inhibits the growth and proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. While the exact mechanism of this inhibition is unknown, it is possible...
Introduction: Externally added survival/growth factors are essential for the survival of healthy cells, however cancer cells are believed to be self-sufficient in supporting their auto-proliferation without the need of...
The United States spends well over $100 billion for millions of people affected by Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) and for their family caregivers. Most people with ADRD have multiple chronic comorbid...
Paraspinal inhibition is an osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) purported to work via the sympathetic nervous system and aid in restoring autonomic homeostasis. Despite clinical anecdotal evidence, the mechanism of action...
The DNA dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) is a validated target for cancer therapeutics that drives the DNA damage response (DDR) and plays a critical role as a primary sensor in the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA double...