More than 200 heterozygous mutations in the type 2 BMP receptor gene, BMPR2, have been identified in patients with Heritable Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (HPAH). More severe clinical outcomes occur in patients with BMPR2...
Involvement in research is regarded as a high-impact educational practice, which, for medical professionals, is associated with sharpened critical thinking and life-long learning skills, greater appreciation for evidence-based...
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) constitute the largest subdivision of the transforming growth factor-? family of ligands. BMPs exhibit widespread utility and pleiotropic, context-dependent effects, and the strength and...
Genetic and functional studies indicate that common components of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway play critical roles in regulating vascular development in the embryo and in promoting vascular homeostasis...
The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type 2 receptor ligand, Bmp2, is upregulated in the peripheral pulmonary vasculature during hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH). This contrasts with the expression of Bmp4, which is...
Enhancing bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling increases bone formation in a variety of settings that target bone repair. However, the role of BMP in the maintenance of adult bone mass is not well understood. Targeted...
Initiation of BMP signaling is dependent upon activation of Type I BMP receptor by constitutively active Type II BMP receptor. Three Type II BMP receptors have been identified; Acvr2a and Acvr2b serve as receptors for BMPs and...
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) constitute the largest subdivision of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-? family of ligands and exert most of their effects through the canonical effectors Smad1, 5, and 8. Appropriate...
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) constitute the largest subdivision of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-? family of ligands and exert most of their effects through the canonical effectors Smad1, 5, and 8. Appropriate...
Osteoporosis, a disease of low bone mass, places individuals at enhanced risk for fracture, disability, and death. In the USA, hospitalizations for osteoporotic fractures exceed those for heart attack, stroke, and breast cancer...
Osteoblasts and bone marrow adipocytes originate from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and there appears to be a reciprocal relationship between adipogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. Alterations in the balance between...
The transforming growth factor ? (TGF-?) superfamily is a large group of signaling molecules that participate in embryogenesis, organogenesis, and tissue homeostasis. These molecules are present in all animal genomes....
The Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) pathway is a multi-member signaling cascade whose basic components are found in all animals. One member, BMP3, which arose more recently in evolution and is found only in deuterostomes,...
This experiment analyzes three different techniques used in literature to detect cytokine release from cells in vitro: the Human Cytokine Array (HCA) by R&D Systems, the BD Cytometric Bead Array (CBA) assay, and protein...
This experiment analyzes three different techniques used in literature to detect cytokine release from cells in vitro: the Human Cytokine Array (HCA) by R&D Systems, the BD Cytometric Bead Array (CBA) assay, and protein...
Successful fracture healing requires the simultaneous regeneration of both the bone and vasculature; mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are directed to replace the bone tissue, while endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) form the new...